The field of crystal growth and design has been researched thoroughly, specifically the ability to form crystals with tunable dimensions, morphologies, and functional properties. Notably, various crystallographic defects have been found to enhance material properties. For instance, atomic doping alters electrical properties, screw dislocations facilitate spiral crystal growth, while dislocation outcrops and vacancies enhance catalytic activity and strengthen materials. In this talk, I will show how such crystal defects can be utilized to fine-tune a range of physical properties in crystals and act as templates for their growth. I will also highlight examples of crystals formed in nature that serve as a source of inspiration for the design of novel bio-inspired materials with enhanced functional properties.
