Classical cryptography relies on computational assumptions, such as the hardness of factoring, to deliver a wide range of functionalities. The advent of quantum information brought forward a completely different possibility: security based only on the fundamental laws of physics.
Entanglement is one of the most fundamental concepts in quantum mechanics, distinguishing it from classical mechanics. Apart from being fascinating to study from the perspective of theoretical physics, it also plays a crucial role in the advantages gained in applications of quantum technologies such as quantum computation, communication and cryptography.
