A key question in the field is how enteroviruses that express a small number of proteins take control of human cells equipped with complex protein machineries? The answer lies within the exceptional ability of the viral proteins to carry out many different functions. In collaboration with the Andino and Krogan labs at UCSF, we have mapped the protein-protein interaction networks of each enteroviral protein. The results show that even short viral proteins are able to interact with tens of host proteins. Our challenge now is to uncover the roles of these interactions, and identify those that play significant role in virus replication.